Cet Inhibiteur des JAK Kinases 1 et 2 est en [URL="http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01950780?term=alopecia+areata&rank=11"]essai clinique à l'université de Columbia [/URL]suite à la publication de 3 cas de repousse dans nature et medicine. il faut en attendre les résultats avant de se prononcer sur l'intérêt de ce traitement. On peut néanmoins indiquer qu'il est difficile de croire que la CPAM accepte d'autoriser un médicament potentiellement très dangereux, mais aussi de rembourser un traitement si couteux (48 000€/an) pour une affection bénigne - le ruxolitinib/Jakavi est utilisé pour le traitement de leucémies et d'autres maladies graves.
Clipper, quelle est l'étendu de votre pelade aujourd'hui ? En cas de pelade sévère (plaques nombreuses, décalvante totale, universelle) il faut essayer la diphényulcyclopropénone, puis le méthotrexate plus ou moins associés à une corticothérapie générale avant de penser à ces traitements expérimentaux.
Nat Med. 2014 Sep;20(9):1043-9. doi: 10.1038/nm.3645. Epub 2014 Aug 17.
Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition.
[URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Xing%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&caut hor_uid=25129481"]Xing L[/URL]1, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Dai%20Z%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauth or_uid=25129481"]Dai Z[/URL]2, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Jabbari%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&c author_uid=25129481"]Jabbari A[/URL]2, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Cerise%20JE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&c author_uid=25129481"]Cerise JE[/URL]3, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Higgins%20CA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true& cauthor_uid=25129481"]Higgins CA[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Gong%20W%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&caut hor_uid=25129481"]Gong W[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=de%20Jong%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true &cauthor_uid=25129481"]de Jong A[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Harel%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cau thor_uid=25129481"]Harel S[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=DeStefano%20GM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=tru e&cauthor_uid=25129481"]DeStefano GM[/URL]5, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Rothman%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&c author_uid=25129481"]Rothman L[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Singh%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cau thor_uid=25129481"]Singh P[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Petukhova%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true &cauthor_uid=25129481"]Petukhova L[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Mackay-Wiggan%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=25 129481"]Mackay-Wiggan J[/URL]4, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Christiano%20AM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=tr ue&cauthor_uid=25129481"]Christiano AM[/URL]6, [URL="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Clynes%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&ca uthor_uid=25129481"]Clynes R[/URL]7.
Author information
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune disease resulting from damage of the hair follicle by T cells. The immune pathways required for autoreactive T cell activation in AA are not defined limiting clinical development of rational targeted therapies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) implicated ligands for the NKG2D receptor (product of the KLRK1 gene) in disease pathogenesis. Here, we show that cytotoxic CD8(+)NKG2D(+) T cells are both necessary and sufficient for the induction of AA in mouse models of disease. Global transcriptional profiling of mouse and human AA skin revealed gene expression signatures indicative of cytotoxic T cell infiltration, an interferon-γ (IFN-γ) response and upregulation of several γ-chain (γc) cytokines known to promote the activation and survival of IFN-γ-producing CD8(+)NKG2D(+) effector T cells. Therapeutically, antibody-mediated blockade of IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2) or interleukin-15 receptor β (IL-15Rβ) prevented disease development, reducing the accumulation of CD8(+)NKG2D(+) T cells in the skin and the dermal IFN response in a mouse model of AA. Systemically administered pharmacological inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) family protein tyrosine kinases, downstream effectors of the IFN-γ and γc cytokine receptors, eliminated the IFN signature and prevented the development of AA, while topical administration promoted hair regrowth and reversed established disease. Notably, three patients treated with oral ruxolitinib, an inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, achieved near-complete hair regrowth within 5 months of treatment, suggesting the potential clinical utility of JAK inhibition in human AA.
PMID: 25129481 [PubMed - in process]
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L'information ou le conseil en ligne ne sont pas des consultations médicales et ne doivent exonérer ni le médecin ni le patient d'une véritable consultation avec une anamnèse et un examen clinique qui seuls peuvent permettre d'aboutir à un diagnostic et à une prescription.
Dr Philippe Abimelec, Dermatologue